Influence of the NiTi rotary system on the debridement quality of the root canal space.

OBJECTIVE The present study was designed to test the null hypothesis that there is no significant difference in debridement quality promoted by 3 nickel-titanium (NiTi) rotary systems. STUDY DESIGN Sixty-seven vital mandibular molars that were prospectively collected in vivo were used. The teeth were extracted and then pulp tissue fixed by 10% formalin. The use of different NiTi rotary systems resulted in 3 experimental groups with 20 specimens each: G1: Hero 642; G2: K3; and G3: ProTaper Universal. Afterward, the specimens were histologically prepared and serial 0.5 microm cross-sections were obtained every 0.2 mm from the 1-3 mm apical levels. The remaining pulp tissue was assessed using a morphometric approach. The cross-sectional area of each root canal and remaining pulp tissue were measured (mcirom(2)). Thus, the percentages of remaining pulp tissue area were calculated for each root canal. RESULTS Overall, the pooled data obtained from all levels revealed a variable amount of remaining pulp tissue for all experimental groups. Remaining pulp tissue existed in every specimen. However, the Kruskal-Wallis H test was unable to show significant differences among the experimental groups (P > .05) for the pooled data from all levels. CONCLUSIONS The present study did not find a significant difference in the quality of canal debridement between different NiTi rotary systems, because an adequate tapered shape is obtained.